lymphoma cancer symptoms | Symptoms of lymphoma

Symptoms of lymphoma

Any disease symptoms and symptoms
General information about the symptoms of lymphoma
This page attempts to provide a list of information about some of the possible symptoms of lymphoma.

This information about the symptoms has been obtained from various sources and may not be quite accurate and no need to be a complete list of the symptoms of lymphoma.

The lymphoma image
In addition, the symptoms of lymphoma can vary individually for each patient.

You should consult your doctor if you notice the first Adu lymphoma symptoms that only your doctor can make a correct diagnosis of symptoms accurately.

Lymphoma is a cancer that starts in the cells of the immune system called lymphocytes. As with other cancers, lymphoma occurs when lymphocytes are in a state of uncontrolled cell growth and multiplication.

Lymphocytes are white blood cells that move throughout the body in a liquid called lymph. These cells are transported by a network of vessels that compose the lymphatic system, which are part of the immune system. The lymphatic system, whose function is to fight infection or any other organism that threatens our body is also made up of lymph nodes that exist throughout the body to filter the lymph that crosses them. The lymph nodes inflate and soften when a large number of microwell organisms are introduced into them, indicating a local infection.

There are two main types of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes both are designed to recognize and destroy abnormal cells and infections. B cells produce proteins that move throughout the body, joining infectious organisms and abnormal cells in order to alert the immune system to the pathogen must be destroyed. T cells actually directly kill the pathogens and play a role in regulating the immune system perform a more or less activity.

Lymphoma cells develop when B or T lymphocytes are transformed and begin to grow and multiply without control. Abnormal lymphocytes are collected in one or more lymph nodes or lymphatic tissues such as spleen or tonsils and finally they form a mass of cells called tumors. Tumors develop and invade the space of surrounding tissues and organs, depriving them of oxygen and nutrients.

If abnormal lymphocytes move from one lymph node to the following organs or another, the cancer can spread or what is the same, there are metastases. The development of lymphoma outside the lymph tissue called extra-ganglionic disease.

Causes of lymphoma
Cancer is the end result of uncontrolled cell growth and end up dying not. Normal cells of the organism follow an ordered path of growth, division and death. Programmed cell death is called apoptosis, and when this process decomposes, the results lead to cancer. Scientists do not know exactly what causes lymphoma, but have identified several potential risk factors.

Genetic
Lymphoma may be the result of a genetic predisposition that is transmitted by other family members. You may be born with some genetic mutations or a defect in a gene that produces statistically more likely to develop cancer in the future.

Carcinogenic
Carcinogens are a class of substances that are directly responsible for damaging DNA, promoting or facilitating the development of cancer. Exposure to certain pesticides, herbicides and solvents such as benzene has been associated with lymphoma. Similarly, black hair dyes have been associated with higher rates of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or NHL. When our bodies are exposed to carcinogenic agents, free radicals are formed that attempt to steal electrons from other molecules in our body. These cells free radicals damage, affecting their ability to grow and function normally translated by cancerous tumors.

Other medical factors

As we age, the increase in the number of opportunities that occur in our DNA mutations that cause cancer. The risk increases with the NHL age. In contrast, Hodgkin's lymphoma or LH is more common in people aged 16 to 34 and 55 years or older. Other medical conditions that are associated with high rates of lymphoma include HIV infection, human lymphotropic T virus (HTLV-1), Epstein-Barr virus virus, Helicobacter pylori infection or hepatitis B or C, auto-immune diseases ( such as lupus), diseases that require treatments that suppress the immune system and an autoimmune disease.

The diagnosis of lymphoma

To diagnose lymphoma, doctors require a complete and personal physical and family medical history of the patient. As a general rule, you must go to an oncologist (cancer specialist) to review the results of the various tests you have done.

Submit to blood tests to check the performance of your blood cells, kidneys and liver. In addition, these analyses can detect a chemical called lactase dehydrogenase (LDH). High blood levels of this substance were associated with an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Using multiple imaging techniques to see if there really is a cancer and if so, how much measurement it has spread. The most common test images are as follows:

X-rays.

CT Scan (CT).

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Lymphangiographie.

The Gallium scan.

Positron emission tomography (PET).

Doctors can also realizarte a bone marrow test to see if the lymphoma has infected. For this test, collect bone marrow samples from the hip and examined for abnormal B or T cells.

The only way to make an effective diagnosis of cancer is to remove a small sample of the tumor and observe it using a microscope, this procedure is called a biopsy. Doctors can take the sample by inserting a needle through the skin, or by surgical methods laparoscopic methods. After removing the sample, a pathologist will be responsible for examining the sample under a microscope to determine if the cancer.

After making a diagnosis, doctors examine tissue samples and test results to find out how far the cancer has spread and at what stage of the cancer is the patient. Determining the scene is important because it helps oncologists know what we have available treatment options and make predictions.

With a simple and common classification system of Hodgkin's lymphoma, doctors can determine whether the tumor is voluminous (large tumors have a worse prognosis) or not (a small tumor gets a better prognosis). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is classified according to its microscopic appearance, its location in the body and its genetic and molecular characteristics. It is often divided into three classes. Low-grade or indolent lymphomas are considered slow growth, often this type of lymphoma do not require immediate treatment. Quality intermediate lymphomas develop quickly and require immediate treatment. They are often curable. High-grade lymphomas are aggressive and fast-growing, require immediate and intensive treatment and are often incurable.

The LH and NHL rates use a similar classification system to describe the extent of the disease.

Stage I or early disease: when lymphoma is in a single ganglionic region or a single organ that is not found in the lymph nodes.

Stage II or locally advanced stage: When lymphoma in two or more regions of the lymph nodes on the same side of the membrane or a region of the lymph node and in an organ or tissue near the same region.

Stage III or advanced disease: when two or more lymph nodes or lymph nodes and a body on the opposite side of the body are affected by lymphoma.

Stage IV or a widespread and disseminated disease: when lymphoma has spread to the spleen, bone marrow, bone or central nervous system.

Both types of lymphoma can receive different types of classifications. Classification A Indicates the absence of symptoms such as fever and weight loss, classification B presents these same symptoms and E classification indicates that the tumor has spread directly from a ganglion to an organ.

Treatment for lymphoma

The treatment of cancer depends on the type of cancer, the stage of the cancer (measure of spread), the age, the state of health, if the patient received an earlier treatment for cancer and other personal characteristics. Treatment for lymphoma is usually designed to result in a complete remission of the disease. A state in which there may be lymphoma cells in the body, but are undetectable and cause no symptoms. Among the common treatments for eliminating lymphoma include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and biological therapies.

The ultimate goal of treatment is the remission of durable lymphoma remission or even for a long time. The return of cancer is called a recurrence. After the patient undergoes therapy, can see an improvement (lymphoma shrinks), stabilization of the disease (lymphoma remain at the same size), progression (worsening lymphoma) or refraction in the disease (lymphoma is resistant to Treatment). Patients may also undergo induction treatment that is designed to induce a remission, a rescue treatment that is designed to handle possible failures of treatment or maintenance treatment is the treatment to prevent The recurrence.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses chemicals that interfere with the process of cell division. This technique of damage of proteins or DNA and it is for this reason that cancer cells to commit suicide. This type of treatment is intended for all cells with rapid division (not necessarily only cancer cells). Normal cells can usually recover from an injury caused by chemicals, while cancer cells cannot. Chemotherapy is usually used to treat cancer that has spread or metastasized because drugs travel throughout the body. The treatment is done by cycles so that the body has time to heal between the different doses. However, currently there are still common side effects such as hair loss, nausea, fatigue and vomiting. Combined therapies often include several types of chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with other therapeutic options.

Radiation

Radiation therapy, also known as radiation therapy, cancer kills. A high-energy rays are focused on cancer cells. This causes damage to the molecules that make the cancer cells and leads them to commit suicide. Radiotherapy uses high-energy gamma rays that are emitted by metals such as radium or high-energy X-rays that are created inside a special machine. Radiation therapy can be used as a separate treatment to reduce or destroy a tumor and cancer cells can also be used in combination with other cancer treatments.

The side effects of radiation therapy may include benign skin changes resembling sunburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fatigue. Patients also tend to lose their appetite and are struggling to maintain weight, but the side effects disappear within a few weeks after the end of treatment.

Prevent lymphoma

There are several known ways to prevent lymphoma. However, doctors recommend avoiding known risk factors and preventing viral infections or conditions that suppress the immune system.

Symptoms of lymphoma

Cancer symptoms vary greatly and depend on where the cancer is located, where it has spread and what has tumor size. General lymphoma first presents with swelling at the neck, armpits or English. Inflammation may occur when other additional lymph nodes are located, for example, in the spleen. In general, lymph nodes can invade the space of blood vessels, nerves or stomach, which can cause swelling, tingling and numbness in the arms and legs.

The symptoms of lymphoma can also include one of the non-specific symptoms such as fever, shivering, unexplained weight loss, night sweats, lethargy and itching.

List of lymphoma symptoms

The list of the main symptoms of the lymphoma, obtained from various sources, including:

swollen lymph nodes-armpits, English and/or neck

Flu-like symptoms

Fever

Sweats

Persistent Fatigue

Fatigue

Weight loss

Loss of appetite

Itchy skin

Red stains on the skin

Liver enlargement

Jaundice

Anemia