Stages of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
The staging describes the size of the lymphoma in the body and its location during the initial diagnosis. This is often referred to as the extent of lymphoma. The information revealed by the examinations is used to determine the size of the tumor, whether the lymphoma has spread from its place of origin and where it has spread. Your healthcare team uses the stage to plan your treatment and anticipate the outcome (your prognosis).
The most commonly used staging systems for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are the staging systems of Ann Arbor and Lugano. The systems are similar, and the one in Lugano is based on the Ann Arbor system. These two systems have four stages. For stages 1 to 4, Roman numerals I, II, III and IV are often used. But in order to make the text clearer, we will use Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4. In general, the higher the number of the stage, the more the lymphoma spread. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about the staging.
Doctors set the stage for an NHL after checking:
The number of lymph node groups affected by lymphoma;
Which lymph nodes are affected by lymphoma and whether they are of one or both sides of the diaphragm;
If lymphoma is present in an organ or tissues other than the lymph nodes;
If the lymphoma has spread in the same area of the body or farther.
Categories A, B, E, S and X
You can also divide the NHL into categories, and you can add the following letters to the stadium number.
A – You do not have a fever, you do not sweat abundantly and you have not lost weight.
B – You have a fever whose cause is unknown and which does not disappear, you have abundant night sweats and you have lost weight for no reason.
E – Lymphoma is found in the surrounding tissue outside the lymph nodes (Extraganglionnaire seat).
S – Lymphoma has spread to the spleen.
X – Lymphoma occupies large areas (large disease).
Stage One
Lymphoma is found in one group of lymph nodes.
Stage 1e
Lymphoma is found only in 1 region outside the lymph nodes.
Stage 2
Lymphoma is found in at least 2 groups of lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are all located above or below the diaphragm.
Stage 2e
Lymphoma is found in the lymph nodes that are all located above or below the diaphragm. Lymphoma has also spread to tissue located near the lymph nodes.
Stage 3
Lymphoma is located in the lymph nodes above and below the diaphragm.
3s stage
Lymphoma is located in the spleen and lymph nodes above the diaphragm.
Stage 4
Lymphoma is widespread: it is observed in multiple areas of the body such as lungs, liver, bone, bone marrow or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is usually also observed in the lymph nodes.
NHL recidivism
The recurrence of an NHL means that the lymphoma reappears as a result of the treatment. If he reappears at the place where he first started, we are talking about local recidivism. But it may reappear in another part of the body.
When the NHL reoffends, it usually does it in the form in which it originated. This means that a low-grade NHL (indolent) generally reoffends in the form of low-grade lymphoma. But sometimes a type of low-grade NHL re-offends in the form of a high-grade NHL (aggressive).
Refractory NHL
The NHL is refractory when it has not responded to treatment. It is also called disease
Spread of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Understanding how a type of cancer is used to grow and spread helps your care team plan your future treatment and care. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) can spread through the lymphatic system, and sometimes through blood circulation, to almost any body tissue or organ.
The NHL usually takes birth in a region of lymph nodes. When it spreads to an organ or tissue located outside the lymph nodes, it is referred to as Extraganglionnaire propagation.
If the NHL spreads, it can do so in the following structures:
Other lymph nodes located near the original location or in other parts of the body
Marrow
Rate
Liver
Stomach
Intestine
Large intestine
Lung or Pleura
Testicles
Brain or spinal cord (which together form the central nervous system, or CNS)
Skin
Eyes
Sinus
indolent (low grade) NHL types have often already spread to different parts of the body when diagnosed. Lymphoma cells can be detected in many lymph nodes, bone marrow or spleen.
Aggressive (high-grade) NHL types have not usually spread outside of the Ganglionic region or the organ in which they originated when diagnosed.
NHL processed
Some types of indolent NHL can turn into a more aggressive type of NHL, usually a large B-cell diffuse lymphoma (LDGCB). The indolent NHL types, which can transform themselves are among other things these:
Follicular lymphoma
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocyte lymphoma
Lymphoma of the marginal zone
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